![]() The color (red and green) used in the schema are the same as git uses to show what is in the index and what is only in your working directory. Git status will give you a good idea of what you did. I’m a bit lost, I did a bunch of git add, and I don’t know what is the state of my index. Taking the time to manually add all files, or even better using git add -p will give you an opportunity to do a quick self-code-review. As you saw in the diagram, it’s maybe not what you want. Git commit -am "message" will do exactly the same as git add -u & git commit -m "message". That’s nice, but someone told me to run git commit -am "message" and that’s it! When your commit is ready to be created, you just have to run git commit (with the -m "message" option if you want), and a new commit will be created with exactly the same content as your index. The index is the place where you prepare your commit. You may want to add multiple files, or you forgot a patch, or you want to add an untracked file after a git add -p, … gitignore properly configured.įrom now on you should have a better understanding on how to populate your index. If you want to use this option, you must (and anyway you should) have a. Be careful to not add unwanted files in the process. Git add -all add all files (including the new ones) to the index. All of it current content was just added to the index. Git add A.txt In this example, we added A.txt, a file already known by git. After this operation, this file is known by git. Git add $FILE_OR_DIRECTORY will add those files or directories to the index.įor example, git add D.txt will add the new file D.txt. In this example, we selected the patches A1 and C3. ![]() Git add -p will give you a prompt to select all the patches you want. Since D.txt is new, it will not be added in the index. Git add -u add all patches to the files known by git. No git commands were run after the last commit, and therefore nothing was added yet in the index. A red box is something that was changed but not added to the index (either an addition, a new file, or a deletion), and a green box is something that was added to the index.Īs you can see, A.txt and C.txt were edited. Colors (green and red) are the one used by git status. In the following figures, orange boxes represent files. And since an image is worth a thousand words, you should get the picture with the various illustrations! Because of their distinct goals, the two commands are implemented differently: resetting completely removes a changeset, whereas reverting maintains the original changeset and uses a new commit to apply the undo.Today, we are going to tame the complex beast that git add is. Whereas reverting is designed to safely undo a public commit, git reset is designed to undo local changes to the Staging Index and Working Directory. Care must be taken when using this tool, as it’s one of the only Git commands that have the potential to lose your work. Commit History is one of the 'three git trees' the other two, Staging Index and Working Directory are not as permanent as Commits. ![]() By default, Git is configured to run the garbage collector every 30 days. Git will permanently delete any orphaned commits after it runs the internal garbage collector. These orphaned commits can usually be found and restored using git reflog. ![]() Git reset will never delete a commit, however, commits can become 'orphaned' which means there is no direct path from a ref to access them. There is a real risk of losing work with git reset. If git revert is a “safe” way to undo changes, you can think of git reset as the dangerous method.
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